The artemisia annua plant, also known as sweet wormwood, has long provided a key ingredient in treating malaria. What is the WHO saying about artemisia? Which treatments work best against Covid? Where does the plant come from? President Rajoelina promoted the drink to combat coronavirus in Madagascar. How is it used against malaria? This video can not be played To play this video you need to enable JavaScript in your browser.
Chinese scientists on the search for a malaria cure. What are the risks of drug resistance? The malaria parasite is showing increasing resistance to some drugs. This parasite-fighting property is attributed to thujone 4 , 7.
Notably, animal and test-tube studies indicate that the herb may fight tapeworms and other parasites — though this research may not apply to humans 12 , Besides thujone, another notable wormwood compound is chamazulene. Artemisinin, another plant compound found in wormwood, may help fight inflammation in your body. Prolonged inflammation is associated with several chronic diseases Artemisinin is thought to inhibit cytokines, which are proteins secreted by your immune system that promote inflammation Its symptoms may include diarrhea, fatigue, abdominal cramps, and other digestive issues.
In one study in 40 adults with this condition, those taking a mg wormwood supplement 3 times daily had fewer symptoms and a reduced need for steroids after 8 weeks, compared with those in a placebo group 19 , Wormwood has been associated with many benefits, such as alleviating pain and inflammation and fighting oxidative stress and parasitic infections. However, more scientific research is necessary. At the same time, various governmental institutions have placed restrictions on wormwood products, as its compounds can produce toxic effects.
For instance, the European Union EU limits foods prepared with wormwood to 0. This amount is considered negligible and thus safe for most populations 3 , 21 , Vulnerable populations and people with certain conditions may want to avoid wormwood.
These conditions include:. High doses of wormwood may result in digestive upset, kidney failure, nausea , vomiting, and seizures. Very large amounts of this herb and other thujone-containing products can be fatal, though its lethal dose in humans has not been established Furthermore, it can cause burns if applied directly to your skin.
About two-thirds of Americans experience gastrointestinal symptoms such as gas, bloating, heartburn, stomach pain, constipation, and diarrhea. Research shows that wormwood can help with digestion and reduce spasms in the intestines and stomach.
Wormwood also can boost appetite and help produce saliva, other digestive enzymes, or proteins that help with metabolism. All of these support healthy digestion and overall health. A small study showed that wormwood can improve pain and reduce swelling in the body. The research included 42 people who received either mg of wormwood extract per day, mg of the extract per day, or a placebo for 12 weeks.
Participants who took mg per day said their pain levels were better, but the same effect was not found in the other two groups. A review of research literature published in found that all Artemisia species like wormwood are helpful herbal medicines for pain. This is because they have antioxidants that help protect your cells through a chemical reaction.
They also may reduce swelling. Inflammation is linked to many long-term diseases, acute and chronic pain, and reduced immune function. Artemisinin —a compound found in wormwood—may help. It stops the body from making cytokines, a kind of protein that causes inflammation. Some people use wormwood to relieve the pain and swelling caused by arthritis.
One study of people with rheumatoid arthritis RA looked at differences between those given either wormwood extract or a placebo for 12 weeks. Those taking the wormwood reported significant joint pain relief, with wormwood found to be safer than some common drugs used to treat RA.
Wormwood is a medicinal herb that's been used for thousands of years. It shows promise in treating Crohn's disease and parasite infections in the gut. It also may improve digestion and immune system function, or help to treat pain, including arthritis pain. Wormwood is relatively safe for short-term use of two to four weeks by adults. These side effects may be serious. They include:.
Because wormwood contains ingredients that may cause toxic effects, people with certain medical conditions should not take wormwood. Though wormwood is safe for most adults to use for a short time, it is important to discuss using it with your healthcare provider.
In some cases, it may not be taken along with certain drugs. Wormwood is not safe for children. There are currently no specific dosage guidelines for wormwood. Be sure to follow all recommended dosages on the labels of commercially available wormwood products. Large amounts can cause serious side effects. Wormwood is usually used as a tea. It also may be used as an extract, in some cases applied to the skin as an essential oil. Dried not fresh leaves can be used to make wormwood tea.
Wormwood tea recipe:. Wormwood is available at health food stores and online. It may be found in essential oil, pill, and liquid extract forms.
The U. The FDA requires all wormwood products sold in the U. Be sure to look for a product that contains a seal of approval from a third party organization that provides quality testing. Figure 4. In conclusion, we describe a case of a severe HDS induced cholestatic liver injury compatible with the intake of Artemisia annua tea.
Efforts should be undertaken to discourage the use of artemisinin-derivatives for malaria prevention, which is ineffective according to WHO recommendations and may additionally cause harm. Ethical review and approval was not required for the report of a single clinical case here in accordance with the local legislation and institutional requirements. FR-R wrote the first draft of the manuscript.
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Klayman DL. Qinghaosu artemisinin : an antimalarial drug from China. World Health Organization.
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Med Mal Infect. Hepatitis temporally associated with an herbal supplement containing artemisinin - Washington, Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. Kumar S. Cholestatic liver injury secondary to artemisinin. A pilot randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial to investigate the efficacy and safety of an extract of Artemisia annua administered over 12 weeks, for managing pain, stiffness, and functional limitation associated with osteoarthritis of the hip and knee. Clin Rheumatol. Artemisinin Derivatives.
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