At the conclusion of the reading, the chosen Senator signs and writes his or her thoughts on the significance of the address in the pages of a leather-bound book that is maintained by the Secretary of the Senate.
Learn about the vital role that Washington played during our founding. You can explore historic Mount Vernon from your home or classroom. Our new Virtual Tour includes degree panoramic images and clickable points of interest.
Naturalization Act of Established rules to be followed in granting national citizenship Learn more. Learn more. This highly unpopular tax led to the Whiskey Rebellion. Militia Acts of Two acts that allowed the President to call out the militia when threatened by foreign or domestic threats and created a more uniform and regulated militia structure. Fugitive Slave Act of Made it a federal crime to assist an escaping slave and created a system that would return escaped slaves to their masters.
Naval Act of Ordered that six frigates be built ex. Slave Trade Act of This law restricted American ships from participating in the Atlantic slave trade. Jay Treaty Normalized trade relations with Great Britain, removed British forts along the western frontier of the United States, and resolved various debt related issues with Great Britain. Pinckney's Treaty This treaty of friendship with Spain also helped to clarify the borders between US and Spanish held territories in North America and opened the Mississippi River to American commerce.
Treaty of Tripoli Agreement to pay a yearly tribute to the Pasha of Tripoli in exchange for free, unmolested access to Mediterranean shipping lanes. President Washington never lived in Washington, D. Building the new nation's capitol 2. George Washington established the tradition of a cabinet of advisors While the Constitution calls for the creation of executive departments, it only explained that the heads of executive departments were unelected officials who had to answer to the president.
Washington signed into law the first copyright law On May 31, , President Washington signed the Copyright Act of into law. Learn More: Patents 4. Washington set precedents for the social life of the president Washington was concerned that the presidents of the Confederation Congress had been overwhelmed by visitors in the past.
Learn More: Presidential Entertaining 5. The first Thanksgiving Proclamation was issued by President Washington Days of thanksgiving were celebrated since the beginning of European settlement in North America.
Learn More: Thanksgiving 6. Learn More: The Whiskey Rebellion 7. Washington vetoed only two bills while President Washington rejected both pieces of legislation based on ideological concerns and in each instance Congress was unable to overturn the veto. President Washington delivered an important address on religious tolerance at a Rhode Island synagogue On August 18, , congregants of the Touro Synagogue of Newport, Rhode Island, warmly welcomed George Washington to both their place of worship and their city.
Teacher Resources. Watch the Video. In many ways, the first inauguration was a hasty, slapdash affair. As with all theatrical spectacles, rushed preparations and frantic work on the new building continued until a few days before the event. Nervous anticipation spread through the city as to whether the workmen would complete the project on time. Only a few days before the inauguration, an eagle was hoisted onto the pediment, completing the building.
The final effect was stately: a white building with a blue and white cupola topped by a weather vane. Escorted by David Humphreys and aide Tobias Lear, the president-elect stepped into his appointed carriage, which was trailed by foreign dignitaries and throngs of joyous citizens. The procession wound slowly through the narrow Manhattan streets, emerging yards from Federal Hall. After alighting from his carriage, Washington strode through a double line of soldiers to the building and mounted to the Senate chamber, where members of Congress awaited him expectantly.
As he entered, Washington bowed to both houses of the legislature—his invariable mark of respect—then occupied an imposing chair up front. A profound hush settled on the room. Vice President John Adams rose for an official greeting, then informed Washington that the epochal moment had arrived.
As he stepped through the door onto the balcony, a spontaneous roar surged from the multitude tightly squeezed into Wall and Broad streets and covering every roof in sight.
This open-air ceremony would confirm the sovereignty of the citizens gathered below. A member of the crowd, the Count de Moustier, the French minister, noted the solemn trust between Washington and the citizens who stood packed below him with uplifted faces. The sole constitutional requirement for the swearing-in was that the president take the oath of office.
That morning, a Congressional committee decided to add solemnity by having Washington place his hand on a Bible during the oath, leading to a frantic, last-minute scramble to locate one. A Masonic lodge came to the rescue by providing a thick Bible, bound in deep brown leather and set on a crimson velvet cushion.
By the time Washington appeared on the portico, the Bible rested on a table draped in red. Livingston administered the oath to Washington, who was visibly moved. As the president finished the oath, he bent forward, seized the Bible and brought it to his lips. Whether or not Washington actually said it, very few people would have heard him anyway, since his voice was soft and breathy. For the crowd below, the oath of office was enacted as a kind of dumb show. Long live our beloved president!
When the balcony ceremony was concluded, Washington returned to the Senate chamber to deliver his inaugural address. In an important piece of symbolism, Congress rose as he entered, then sat down after Washington bowed in response.
As Washington began his speech, he seemed flustered and thrust his left hand in his pocket while turning the pages with a trembling right hand.
His weak voice was barely audible in the room. On the other hand, Washington refrained from endorsing any particular form of religion. After this speech, Washington led a broad procession of delegates up Broadway, along streets lined by armed militia, to an Episcopal prayer service at St. After these devotions ended, Washington had his first chance to relax until the evening festivities. Yet, his dreams of a tranquil retirement were at odds with his peers and the American people at large.
Even before the Constitution was ratified, rumors spread declaring George Washington would likely elected first President of the United States much to the dismay of Washington himself. On the other hand, Washington could not escape his conscience.
In a formal letter of acceptance, Washington succinctly assented to what he had agonized over for more than a year:. Washington's Unretirement. In both the election of and Washington received all votes from the Electoral College. During the first election, Washington won the electors of all ten eligible states. Three states, however, did not contribute to the vote total.
In addition, New York was unable to participate in the election, as the legislature had not passed a bill in time to appoint its eight electors. In , Washington received all electoral votes, winning each of the fifteen states.
However, neither of those cities was Washington, D. One month after President Washington left Mount Vernon, Martha Washington set out on her own triumphant trip to the seat of the new government in New York.
On May 16 , Mrs. Washington and her grandchildren, Nelly and Washy, embarked on an day journey through Baltimore, Philadelphia, and more. Her entourage attracted considerable attention and was greeted by crowded streets filled with admirers, ringing church bells, fireworks, and gun salutes.
LEarn More. President Washington's inauguration was celebrated with illuminations and fireworks. Citizens of the new nation showed up in droves. One exhilarated eyewitness recalled that " Inauguration in New York. Although John Ramage circa is well-known among art historians and collectors of portrait miniatures, his name is not immediately associated with Washington portraiture.
Yet, Ramage painted George Washington from the life and was the first artist to whom he sat as President of the United States.
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