Hormones can make your hair grow faster and fall out less. But these hair changes usually aren't permanent. Many women lose some hair in the postpartum period or after they stop breastfeeding. Some women find that they grow hair in unwanted places, such as on the face or belly or around the nipples.
Changes in hair texture can make hair drier or oilier. Some women even find their hair changing color. Nails, like hair, can change during pregnancy. Extra hormones can make them grow faster and become stronger. Some women, though, find that their nails split and break more easily during pregnancy.
Like the changes in hair, nail changes aren't permanent. If your nails split and tear more easily when you're pregnant, keep them trimmed and avoid the chemicals in nail polish and nail polish remover. Even though you can't fit into any of your pre-pregnancy clothes, you still have your shoes, right? Maybe — but maybe not. Extra fluid in their pregnant bodies mean that many women have swollen feet and need to wear a larger shoe size. Wearing slip-on shoes in a larger size can be more comfortable, especially in the summer months.
During pregnancy, your body makes the hormone relaxin, which is believed to help prepare the pubic area and the cervix for the birth. Relaxin loosens the ligaments in your body, making you less stable and more at risk for injury.
It's easy to overstretch or strain yourself, especially the joints in your pelvis, lower back, and knees. When exercising or lifting objects, go slowly and avoid sudden, jerking movements. Varicose veins, usually found in the legs and genital area, happen when blood pools in veins enlarged by pregnancy hormones. Varicose veins often go away after pregnancy. To help prevent them:. Hemorrhoids — varicose veins in the rectum — are common during pregnancy as well.
Your blood volume has increased and your uterus puts pressure on your pelvis. So the veins in your rectum may enlarge into grape-like clusters. Hemorrhoids can be very painful, and can bleed, itch, or sting, especially during or after a bowel movement BM. More about morning sickness The first thing to know about morning sickness is that it can hit you at any time of day. The good news is that you may feel better if you: drink small amounts of fluid, often.
In some extreme cases, women need to be rehydrated in hospital, using intravenous fluids. Pregnancy stages We talk about three stages of pregnancy: first trimester, second trimester and third trimester. First trimester In the first trimester: You feel really tired and possibly nauseous. You gain 1 or 2 kilograms, or maybe less if you have morning sickness. Most of this weight is in the placenta which feeds your baby , your breasts, your uterus and extra blood. Your heartbeat and breathing rate are faster.
Your breasts become tender, larger and heavier. Your growing uterus puts pressure on your bladder, so you feel like you need to urinate a lot. You may feel swinging moods. You know exactly how you feel about having a baby, or you have no idea how to feel!
Second trimester In the second trimester: You start to feel better, with less fatigue, morning sickness and moodiness. You may feel your mind is wandering and not focused at work or at home. You gain about 6 kilograms.
You may feel anxious about tests including an ultrasound done at this stage. But, if they find any health issues, these tests will ensure you and your baby receive the right care. Your hair may become thicker and your fingernails may become stronger. Or, your nails may be softer and break more easily. You may crave some foods, such as sweet, spicy or fatty foods. You may not like the taste or smell of some foods.
Third trimester In the third trimester: Forgetfulness may continue. You feel tired and probably uncomfortable. You may be annoyed by the discomfort. You may start to worry about labour as it nears. You probably gain about five kilograms.
Much of this weight is your baby, but also amniotic fluid, the placenta, your breasts, your blood and your uterus. You may have back pain. Varicose veins , backaches , and nasal congestion may become apparent. The second trimester is when most pregnant people can feel their baby move for the first time, usually by 20 weeks. The baby can even hear and recognize your voice during the second trimester.
Some screening tests may be performed in the second trimester. Be sure to talk to your doctor about your medical history, your family history, or genetic issues that could put you or your baby at risk. An anatomy ultrasound might be performed between weeks 18 and At the anatomy scan, you may be able to find out the sex of your baby. During the second trimester, doctors tend to test for gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes can be detected between weeks 26 and 28 of pregnancy.
If you have a family history of diabetes or have risk factors for developing diabetes, you may be tested earlier. This test will ensure that your body reacts properly to sugar during pregnancy. The third trimester lasts from the 28th week until the birth of your baby. A simple swab will be taken from your vaginal area before being sent away for lab evaluation. Travel restrictions take effect during the third trimester. Cruise ships typically will not allow people that are over 28 weeks pregnant to board.
Airlines, though they do allow them to fly, advise that you do so only with permission from your healthcare provider. The third trimester is a good time to educate yourself about labor and delivery. Take time out to enroll in a childbirth class. Childbirth classes are designed to prepare you and your partner for labor and delivery.
Your due date is really an estimated date of delivery EDD. Diabetes is a condition that prevents your body from breaking down sugar. Gestational diabetes mellitus GDM is a type of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy. One of the biggest risks of gestational diabetes is that your baby may grow much larger than normal, a condition called macrosomia. If the baby is thought to be too big for a safe vaginal delivery, your doctor will recommend a cesarean section.
Gestational diabetes has no outward signs or symptoms. Doctors screen for it between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy, or earlier in high-risk women such as those who are overweight or have a history of gestational diabetes. Risk factors for gestational diabetes include being overweight or having a history of GDM in previous pregnancies.
If you are at high risk, your doctor will screen for GDM earlier than 24 weeks, typically in the first trimester. Losing weight before pregnancy, sticking to a healthy diet and getting regular exercise can lower your risk of developing GDM. You and your doctor should discuss how you can best control the GDM.
Good old diet and exercise seem to be a good place to start. A very high percentage of gestational diabetes can be controlled by diet. Still, some women with GDM will need to take medications pills or even insulin to control blood sugar levels. Exercise during pregnancy , even just walking 30 minutes a day, is also great for controlling blood sugar.
So talk to your doctor about steps you can take to reduce that risk. While you are pregnant, the placenta provides your baby with oxygen and nutrients for proper development. The placenta normally attaches to the upper part of the uterus, but in placenta previa it either totally or partially covers the cervix which is the opening between the uterus and vagina.
You may be at higher risk if you have scarring on your uterus from previous pregnancies or from a uterine surgery, or if you have fibroids. The main symptom is vaginal bleeding that is not accompanied by cramping or other pain. Some women, however, do not experience any symptoms. Your doctor will confirm a diagnosis using an ultrasound or physical exam.
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